VRF

Verifiable Random Function. Produces a pseudo-random output and a proof that the output was correctly computed from a given input and private key. The output is unpredictable to anyone without the key but verifiable to anyone with the public key. Used for on-chain randomness (Chainlink VRF) where block-field randomness is unsafe — NFT trait reveals, lottery winners, validator selection, on-chain games. Algorand uses VRFs for unbiased leader selection.